Carburetor



Sept. 14 1926. 1,599,867

' F. O. BALL* 4cARBuRifzTrm original Filed Feb'. 1.5 1921 l f/zz/ ATTORNEY.

Patented sept. i4, 192e.

= .UNIT-izo srA'ras nnTon' COMPANY, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A ERICE o. vnarrav AND COnNELIA M. BALL.

- PATENT OFFICE.

rnEnEaIox o. BALL, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, lAssrelvon To BALL a BALL CARBU- PARTNERSHTP OoMP'osnn or FRED.-

,I CAnIUnETOn.

Applicacimaled February-1a, 1921, serial No. 445,225. Renewed rebruaryas, 1923.

In the operation of a carburetor it has .been found desirable as the velocity of the air through the carburetor passages is reduced to enrich the mixture. One reason for I this is'that with the slower velocity of air aless proportion of the fuel is thoroughly atomi-Zed. Another reason is that a low velocity through the carburetor is usually accompanie'dy with a desire for a more power- .0 iulwmixture as wherean automobile on which the carburetor'fis used is ascending a grade. Devices orj enriching the mixture continuing with this' condition of lowvelocity-have y come to be called step-up devices. 5' It has also been found desirable on the sudden' change of velocity as vwhere .the

throttle is opened to momentarily .augment the fuel delivered. Such devl'ces'have come' -to be known as pick-up devices. v l Z9 v .It is desirable to have these devices automatically actuated through the variation in pressure, articulariyA avariation at the discharge si e vofy the throttle so that such `de vices willoperate only when the condition mi exists making their operation desirable. rlhe present4 invention is designed to-so operate.

-The invention is illustrated inthe accompanyingjdrawing which shows a central sec y tion through the carburetor.l j B 1 marks the float chamber, 2 the iioat, 3 the inlet valve, i the inlet connection, 5 mechanism for communicating the movement of the float to the-valve, 6 the cover, and 7 the clip for holding the cover in place. aa The .Hoa-tchamberhas a projection 8 extending under the' body of. the. carburetor ,andv secured to the bodyof the carburetor by. a llscrew 9 which extends through .the projection "8 and Jformsy a closure Jfor e0 a chamber .10.' The screw `hasl a reduced portion forming a'passage l11 which commu- 1 nicates Witha passage .12 leading from the iioat chamber. i, A Apassage 13 extendsinto @the bodyof'the jcarburetorpfrom the passage 4.5 11. and communicates with a passage 1li-lead-` ing to the nozzle 15. The nozzle is arranged E ill-.a .Venturi tubel forming an. initial air opening-ofthe*carburetor, The Venturi tube s opens into-the vmixing chamber l17. An aux- 60 iliary air opening. 18 is provided. Thisis controlled by 'a yielding valve 19 operating on the seat 2O.v ...The valve is guidedby a pin ,21 extending from a Oa 22. Aspring 23 A yieldggly holds .the vapve.' tO-itsseat. A

throttle valve 24 is arranged on a stem 2.5i

A choke valve 28 is mounted on the stem 29 and controls the air inlet in the usual man-j i u-iff'- i The screw 9 has a radial opening 9a which'.

forms a meansv of communication between vthe passage 11 and an axial opening 9b in the screw 9. The` passage 9b extends upwardly in a cylindrical extension 30 projecting upwardly fromthe screw 9. This iswco'nnected by radial openings 31 with the 'chamber 1G. A needle valve 32 Operates on the seat at the upper' end of the passage 9F., This valve has a restricted opening 32a forming a restricted.

'communication between the passage 9b. and

the interior of the cylinder 30when the valve is seated. The valve 32 has a stem 33 which extends upwardly through a passage 34 in vthe screwpcap 34a secured in the upper endv of the extension 30.. A spring 35 is arranged around the stem 33. and operates against the back-of au enlargement 36vforming a valve WhichJcontrols the passage .34. The valves v32andv 36 are so distance'd with relation to the distance between their seats .that when the. valve`36 is closed the valve 32'is opened and vice versa, the spring 35 tending to close so y thevalve 36 and'open 'the valve'32. vThe stem. 33 engages enlarged head 38 of' a plunger 39. The plunger 39r .operates in a cylinder. 40;- The cylinder 401s connected by a *passage 41 with the carburetor or suc' tion passage above `the throttle. A sprin" 42 operates against the shoulder38- and is o su-iiicient strength toovercome the spring 35 and close the va1ve32when=the parts `are not iniiuenced by the piston or plunger 39. The passage 34 communicates with a passage 37 and this chamber communicates through a passage .43jwith the mixing chamber or suction passage of the carburetorabove the throttle. A passage 44 vleads rom'theupper end of the chamber 10to.the Outer air.' Thejoperation of `the deviceisl as follows.:

gon..

When the throttle is closed and the engine i i running .the pressure `above Ythe throttleA is very much reduced andthis reduced vpressure being communicated through the passage 41 to they cy1inder'40 subjects the upper tace of thenpistonor plunger 39 to a-.les'spressnre than that below the. piston suiiicientto over# come the spring 42 and as--the shoulder 38 moves u wardiyithe stenti 33- follows up fun-1 der the Influence of the spring. 35, thus clos` j l or inarily termed titi in the valve 36 and opening the valve 32.

T is reduction above lthe piston 39 to accomplishy this actionis such as to take place in the .usual or normal operation of the carbuf retor 'andit is only with a comparatively wide open condition of the throttle that the piston will descend reversing the valves 32 and36.

The resultant action so far as the -fuel is concerned through this operation of the valve 'is as follows-With the valve 36 closed the su ply of fuel is confined to the nozzle 15. en the reversal takes place and the valve 36 is opened and the valve 32 closed a quantity of gasoline which is accumulated inthe chamber 10 and Within the cylinder 39` is immediatelyv carried up through the passage 34 and passage 43 to the mixing chamber. rI`his is accomplished through the higher pressure of air admitted through the passage 44. rI'his momentary aumenting of the fuel accomplishes what is a lpick-up. A restricted iioi'v of fuel continues through the passage 32 in the valve 32 and this is carried up with the air entering through the passage 44 and `passes through the chamber 10, passages 31 andv upwardly with the fuel throuch the passage 3ft and into the mixing chamber by Way of the passage 43. This added fuel is continuedso'long as the valve 32 remains seated and the valve 36 open and accomplishes what is commonly termed a step-up operation, that is, there is an enriching of the mixture which continues so longas the condition above described continues.

-`With the exception of the step-up feature `of this construction the carburetor here shown isa-duplicate of the carburetor shown in my Reissue Patent V$14,790, Jan. 13th, 1920. l j

'Vihat I claim as nevv is l, Inl a carburetor', the combination of a body having` a suction passage; means for supplying a" combustible mixture to the pas sage comprising as elements fuel and air;

` devices for varying the supply of one of the tions of fuel and air,

elements of the mixture to vary the propor tions of fuel and air, said devices being controlled by a Ere-determined variation of the pressure in t e sgction passage whereby the mixture is enriched as the velocity through the passage is reduced; andv means formomentarily augmenting the proportion 0f fuel at the moment the velocity is reduced.

2. In a carburetor, the combination of a body having a suction passage; means for supplying a combustible mixture to the passage comprising as elements fuel and air; devices for varying the supply of one of the elements of the mixture to vary the propoivsaid devices being controlled by a predetermined variation of the presure 1n the suction passage whereby the the velocity through the passage isreduced; and means actingy mg the proportion of fuel velocity is reduced.

3. In a carburetor, .the combination of av y variation of pressure in the suction passage.

4;. In a carburetor, the combination of a` body having a suction passage; means for supplying combustible mixture to the passage comprising as elementsv fuel and air; means for varying the supply of fuel theproportions of fuel and air, said devices being controlled by a predetermined variation of pressure' in the suction passage Whereby the mixture is enriched as the velocity throughthe passage is reduced; and means for momentarily augmenting the fuel at the moment the velocity is reduced.

5. In a carburetor, the combination of a body having a suction passage; a throttle in the passage; mean for supplying combustible mixture to said passage comprising as its elements fuel and air; a step-up device; a ickup device; and means for actuating sai devices through a variation of pressure in the suction passage at the discharge side of the throttle.

6. In a carburetor, the combination of a suction passage; means for delivering com` bustible mixture comprising as its elements, air and fuel to said passage; pick-up and step-up devices, said devices enriching the mixture by augmenting the fuel and actin0f by a direct action of inflovving air upon sai fuel; and mechanism responsive to variations of pressure in the suction passage actuating said devices.

with said devices for momentarily augment.

at the moment the to vary icc ica

7. In a carburetor, the combination of a suction passage comprising as its elements, air and fuel to said passage; pick-up and step-up devices, said devices enriching the mixture by augmenting the fuel and acting by a Vdirect action of iniiowing nir upon said fuel; and mechanism responsive to variations of pressure in the suction passage actuating said step-up device.

8. InI a carburetor, the combinationl of a suction passage; a throttle valve; means for delivering combustible mixture comprising as its elements air and fuel to the passage; pick-up and stcp-up devices acting through a direct action of the air on fuel delivered to the suction passage; and mechanism respyonsive to variations of )fessure in the suction passage at the disc arge side of the throttle actuating said step-up device.

9. In a carburetor, the combination of a suction passage; a throttle valve; means for delivering combustible mixture comprising lill Lacassel n a direct actionof the air on fuel delivered tothe suction passage; and mechanism responsive to variations of pressure in the suction passage at the discharge side of the throttle actuating said devices.

10. In a carburetor, the combination of a suction passage; means for delivering air and fuel to the suction passage comprising a chamber communicatin with the suction passage VWith a fuel supp y and having air passages leading to anair supply; and valve -mechanism responsive to variationsl of pres-v sure in the suction as'sage controlling the flow from said cham er to the suction pas-v sage to supplement the fuel supply in the suction passage momentarily with a pick-up action upon the reduction in velocity through the suction passage and to augment the fuelsupply to the suction passage With a step-up action continuin so long as there is a reduction of velocity inthe suction passage. 11. In a carburetor, the combination of a suction passage; a `throttle in the suction passage; a pick-up device; and a step-up levice comprisin a valvemeehanism resplonsive to variations offpressure at the disc arge side of the throttle.

12. In a carburetor, the combination of a suction passage; pick-up and step-up devices comprising a chamber, said chamber having communication with the atmosphere; a valved inlet leading tothe chamber having a restricted bypass; a yvalved outlet leading from said chamber to the Zsuction passage; valves controlling sai-d inlet and outlet; and means responsive to variations of pressure in the suction passage controlling said valves.

13. In a carburetor, the combination of a suction passage; a throttle in said suction passage; a cylinder communicating with the suction passage above the throttle; a piston in the cylinder; a chamber communicating with a fuel supply; a valve controlling the communication to the fuel supply; a restricted bypass between the chamber and the fuelsupply; an outlet from said cham#l ber leading to the suction passage; a valve controlling the outlet; and .means acting With the piston for actuating said valves.

14. In a carburetor, the combination of a suction passage; a throttle in the suction passage; a cylinder communicating with the'l suction passage at the discharge side of the throttle; a piston in the cylinder; a spring opposing the piston; a `chamber having a fuel connection; an outlet leading from the chamber to the suction passage; an inlet leading to the chamber from the atmos here; valves controlling the fuel supply lea ing to the chamber and the outlet; means tending to hold the valves -in position to vclose the outlet; a restricted bypass leadin from the fuel supply to the chamber; an a connection between the valves and the piston.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

FREDERICK O. BALL. 

